Effects of Language Difference on Subsidiary Performance Essay - 1

Effects of Language Difference on Subsidiary Performance - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that multinational enterprises investment firms struggle to diversify in their field of investment in foreign countries. This is because they focus on hiring and recruiting new employees of different language backgrounds in their respective nationalities. Language can be termed or described a chosen unique system of conceptual symbols that let individuals communicate effectively. Language generally is the greatest used mediator which facilitates understanding and relation between management, employees, and customers of every given business. A multi linguistic human resource usually gives out benefits, for example, a larger and wider range of perspectives. This workforce also gives a greater competitive ability generally in the marketplace globally. Multinational enterprises that are venturing into new economies are faced with the new language and cultures which should be overcome to ensure organizational goals and objectives are achieved. M ultinational enterprises can be defined as financial firms and entities that are involved in the supply of services and goods in at least two or more economies. These corporations are large in size and they are involved in different forms and fields of business activities in different countries. Increased competition, venturing into new business form and globalization has forced most business firms alongside with their employees to interact with different nationalities. This has been caused by variation in availability of resources. Surveys show that languages play an important part in communication in multinational enterprises. A workforce with different language background may encounter language barrier if working together. This leads to misunderstanding it also suggests that language barrier causes ineffective communication or it may cause miscommunication within a company. According to past studies, they indicate that language does not only facilitate communication. The language barrier will not affect the human resource only, it also hinders effective communication. Customers will find it hard to communicate out their need or even fail to get important information about particular or certain services or products being offered by Multinational Corporation.

Issue in the media today Essay Example for Free

Issue in the media today Essay Why is asylum such an important issue in the media today? More countries joined the EU recently, and it is expanding. People in the Eastern countries get low wages and so are attracted to Britain. 100-150,000 Poles have come to live in the UK illegally, to find work. The media reflects public concerns over mass immigration. Secondly, we are getting more immigrants than emigrants, so more people are entering than leaving the country. This also raises concerns about overcrowding. Thirdly, terrorism has become increasingly worrying, and people link asylum seekers to the recent murder of a police officer in Bradford. The general public dont believe that the government are effectively handling immigration, where only 25% of asylum cases get rejected, but NOT deported; leading the public to wonder where these people go. Asylum is an issue locally, because there is a Home office (Asylum Centre) in Croydon. These results in many asylum seekers come to Croydon. In this coursework I am going to compare two contrary newspaper articles on the issue of asylum. The point of view expressed by THE SUN is that asylum seekers should not be allowed to come into the UK and stay here. THE SUN wants people to read this article and get angry about those coming into the UK, at the experience of British tax payers. THE SUN believes that some asylum seekers are terrorists, and are using this to convince people to be against asylum seekers and write letters to the government against so much immigration. There are very strong elements of bias present in THE SUN because it gives only the point of view against asylum seekers staying in Britain. It is a very one sided article and though full of opinion, the opinion are put forward as facts. However, the point of view expressed in THE GUARDIAN is liberal, and is trying to give readers more information about the topic, so that they can come to their own decision. This newspaper gives different examples to show that not all asylum seekers are terrorists or coming here for free money. It also makes out that other newspapers are deliberately trying to give false impression to the public to try to scare them. The newspaper, however, is biased, as it only gives the point of view for immigration to be continued, rather than giving information for both sides of the story. However it is clearly an opinion piece and the photograph of the writer reinforces this. THE SUN makes the reader angry using phrases like Every day 1000 people or refugees claim free treatment on the NHS without being entitled to it, and The Government plans to fork out millions of Tax payers money buying luxury Hotels and more estate to house asylum seekers. These phrases make the reader angry if they think that they are paying taxes and asylum seekers are living in luxury hotels for free using their money; making them feel it is unfair. The language used by THE GUARDIAN is more sophisticated than THE SUN; the words used have more complex meanings whereas THE SUN uses simple language to make its points. This shows that the readership of each paper is very different; where THE GUARDIAN is read by people who are typically more educated then those of THE SUN. Its uses language such as tolerance, ethnicity and liberal progressives, which are effective because they make the reader feel that the issue is not in such a dangerous position as others make out. THE SUN uses other techniques to persuade its readers, such as photos and graphs. These are effective because the images used to make you want to read the topic and you can imagine what THE SUN is talking about when looking at the pictures. The graphs are eye-catching and show you the differences between spending in other countries and the UK; it shows the differences here very clearly. The cut-out letter to Tony Blair makes it easy for people to complete, and gives them a sense of power to do something. The bold writing used is catchy because you can see it instantly, and your eye looks at the different writing because it shows you the main points clearly. THE GUARDIAN uses a cartoon to persuade its readers because it is complicated, and vague, so makes them think about its meaning. The photograph is effective because it shows the person who is writing the article, and you realise that this persons opinions are written here. However, THE SUN makes opinion sound like facts which is misleading. I find THE SUN more persuasive because it is simple and effective words which most people are able to understand. It also shows the picture where I think people are able to understand. It also shows the picture where I think people are climbing over the fence having scarves on, which is not showing there full face, this makes the reader think that the people are terrorists or criminals. The article makes me feel angry towards the newspaper because it gives a very biased point of view, and doesnt tell me about genuine asylum cases. My point of view is that asylum seekers should be allowed to move from their country to any country they wish, because they are also humans as we are and they are just unlucky that they cant live in their own country because of many reasons like war and persecution. The main reason that people move from their country to the UK is because they need to reach a place of safety. Secondly, they choose the UK in preference to other destinations which tells us that they know of the UK but I dont think they will have a detailed knowledge of our immigration and/or our benefits systems. I think that the people should make more effort to understand the difference between asylum seekers and illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are people who move to settle in another country or region, temporarily or permanently, in violation of the law or without documents permitting them to settle in another country or region, temporarily or permanently, in violation of the law or without documents permitting them to settle in that country. I can understand that some people may get upset by so many people moving here, because it is hard to find jobs anyway, hospitals and schools are overcrowded and there is a lot of crime, people may feel that asylum seekers only add to the problem.

ABC Corp Business Process and Strategy

ABC Corp Business Process and Strategy ABC Corp is million dollar company which deals in data collection and analytics. The company has grown in last two years and is expected to grow rapidly in next 18 months. The company most important assets is information and is important function for the organization and it has to be dealt with very carefully and negotiated in the authority protocols, which furthermore, should be in accordance with the latest outlays and regulations that are laid by the authorities and well established codes of conduct and dealing with information. The aim of the paper is to research the current state of organization in terms of its business processes, IT alignment, personnel and outsourcing activities. The aforementioned organization also deals with the information basics and the dealings of various outlays of structured information and collects records for further development. The company deals in collecting and analyzing web data with the use of various web analytics tools. The a while ago expressed companionship furthermore deals with the information basics and the dealings of diverse costs of sorted out information and accumulates records for further change. The association has been working together of social affair data which is in a way amazingly helpful for the further progression of the operational structure data and securities. For the past 2 years the company has been in business of collecting data which is in a way very useful for the further development of the operational system data and securities. The data is collected to practice current trends, insecurities, business information for their clients. The company has seen a tremendous growth in business in past two years and is expected to grow by 60% in next 18 months. The company is using some information systems that help them in deadline with day to day business needs. Traditional as well as latest methods has been implemented and adopted in order for the data collection to be up to the mark with the synchronized and differential development techniques, which is best done with the help of web analytics. The company needs to upgrade its IT infrastructure and physical infrastructure. The company is looking forward for an information system that will handle increased business needs of the organization. The whole business process of the company revolves around the collection and development t of data, and the process is very intricate in nature, which has a minimal margin of errors and the processing of data can only be done in a proper and fool proof manner, if the integrated units of the system are working in a perfect sync and each and every element is giving out the best in efficiency. The company develops web analytics which is a tricky situation as far as the developmental techniques and implementation of all such techniques is concerned. Web analytics take into account several trends and curves as well as findings of the website development business, and the whole set of this data is very important for the very existence of such a business and it should be provided at each end of the elemental node. Information flow is carried out by using a perfect systematic adjustment between machines and personnel. Acknowledged and moreover latest frameworks must be executed and gained set up for the data get-together to be reliant upon the engraving with the synchronized and differential headway systems, which is best done with the support of web examination. Data sorting out and data progression is a system which is fast expecting control over whatever feasible industry, out and significant and orderly the restriction is stretching because of the passageway and vicinity of a couple of contenders and the exact vicinity of the developmental fundamentals, which are broad in nature, and all the new competitors are speedy setting aside a few minutes with the latest examples. The company as is a data collection and analytics company have lot of outsource and offshore in order to have skilled pool of resources and save cost. The company is currently outsourcing all legal activities to an outside law firm which handles the entire contract that they have to maintain with their clients. This also includes description of regulations for maintaining data privacy of the clients and information collected over web. Other than this, the development work is offshore as nowadays, it is a very well-known fact that the majority of personnel who are coming up and excelling in the field of Information Technology are from Asian countries, such as China, India, Pakistan Bangladesh, Philippines and Indonesia, who have a great amount of competition in the market by offering IT related services at the bare minimum costs, which has benefitted IT and related businesses all over the world and this trend has propelled outburst in the global outsourcing scenario, wherein big western corporations are now looking east for gaining benefits of the low cost services and the same trend is followed by the above mentioned organization. The company is going on same footsteps and have all its information systems developed from companies that belong to these countries. The company looks ahead to offshore further IT work. The company possesses strong personnel who are dedicated for providing and handling services and issues related to information system in the company. The company personnel list is provided below CIO (Chief Information Officer): CIO is responsible for formulating strategic goals of the company and defines a plan for aligning the strategic goals with information technology in the company. DBA (Database administrator): The database administrator manage database employed in the company. He is an experienced database developer in MYSql and core responsibilities include Database development, management, maintaining security, monitoring, and optimization are responsibilities of DBA. Project Manager: The project manager is responsible for managing the IT projects. HE is the person who heads all in-house projects and deals with projects heads of the companies to whom the projects are outsourced. HRM (Human resources manager): HRM is responsible for maintaining the human resource of the company as well as Information technology. Chief finance officer: Chief finance officer is responsible for all budgeting and financial planning for IT projects. Software Engineers: The Company employs five software engineers for handling in-house development activities. Data is a critical capacity for any association and it must be managed painstakingly and arranged in the power conventions, which besides, ought to be as per the most recent expenses and regulations that are laid by the powers and settled sets of principles and managing data. (Shokrey, N., 2011). The previously stated association additionally manages the data rudiments and the dealings of different expenses of organized data and gathers records for further improvement. The organization has been doing business of gathering information which is in a manner extremely handy for the further advancement of the operational framework information and securities. Specifically, data is collected for their client that further helps them in making various decisions based upon analysis. For the purpose, company is collecting following type of information by using web analytics and other tools. Visitors information: The visitors coming on any website are tracked with the information about their IP addresses, visiting time and other details Number of hits: Some of clients needs to track the hits they received from their clients are also observed. Tracking repeat visitors: Tracking repeat visitors by storing the details on how many times a visitor visits etc. Customer feedback: Customer feedback is also taken as a part of the company of client that will help them in improving their services. Customer behavior: There are number of clients who are interested in knowing behaviors of the customer for setting target markets, product niche etc. Details about web pages: Details about page including page response time, frequency, site overlay etc are some other types. The company is currently using web analytics tools and some information system to process data collected through web analytics tools. The company is using different web analytics tools and data processing information system for storing, processing, retrieving and analyzing information. The information systems used by the company are listed below Decision support system: The system helps the management to take decisions based upon the input provided from various web analytics tools. The system works on MySql database and is developed in PHP. The system is based on graphical user interface where users are provided with drag and drop facility to facilitate ease of operation. The company uses proper authentication mechanism for ensuring security. Client server architecture is used where are clients are authenticated and can only access the information by login to system. Management information system: The system helps the company in managing the different resources and information in a right and balanced way. Same configuration as that for DSS is used for MIS. Security maintenance Security is maintained though proper authentication mechanism. All authenticated users are given login ID and passwords through which they can access companys database. The company also employs biometrics for authenticating server area. Physical security has also been employs at main gates. Following configuration is used for both the systems Hardware requirements Memory requirements are RAM, a minimum of 64 MB A minimum of PIII Supported Motherboard + 568 MHZ Pentium Processor is required. Hard Disk, a minimum of 40 GB SATA. Any Normal keyboard and mouse. A 1024*768, true type color- 32 Bit Display is required. Software requirements: Windows XP Professional or updated versions are required as operating system. PHP editor (notepad ++) for frontend. Installation requirements Xampp 1.6 software, which is included server info given below + Apache 2.2.3 + Zend Optimizer 3.0.2 + SQLite 2.8.15 + phpMyAdmin 2.9.1.1 Â  + MySQL Â  5.0.27 + Open SSLÂÂ   0.9.8d + FileZilla FTP Server 0.9.20 References Shokrey, N. (2011). ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF VISITORS ON PAGE VIEWS WITH GOOGLE ANALYTICS. International Journal of Web Semantic Technology, 2(1), 14-32. Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1102/1102.0735.pdf Farney, T. (2013). Web Analytics Strategies for Information Professionals: A LITA Guide. Journal of Library Innovation, 4(2), 149-150. Loftus, W. (2012). Demonstrating Success: Web Analytics and Continuous Improvement. Journal of Web Librarianship, 6(1), 45-55. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19322909.2012.651416#.U1FlrlWSy8Y Elias, (2011). Learning Analytics: The Definitions, the Processes, and the Potential. Referred from http://learninganalytics.net/LearningAnalyticsDefinitionsProcessesPotential.pdf

Protein Synthesis Essay -- Papers

Protein Synthesis Protein Synthesis is the process whereby DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) codes for the production of essential proteins, such as enzymes and hormones. Proteins are long chains of molecules called amino acids. Different proteins are made by using different sequences and varying numbers of amino acids. The smallest protein consists of fifty amino acids and the largest is about three thousand amino acids long. Protein synthesis occurs on ribosomes in the cytoplasm of a cell but is controlled by DNA located in the nucleus. Protein synthesis is a two-part process that involves a second type of nucleic acid along with DNA. This second type of nucleic acid is RNA, ribonucleic acid. RNA differs from DNA in three main respects. First, the sugar units in RNA are ribose as compared to DNA's deoxyribose. Because of this difference, RNA does not bind to the nucleotide base Thymine (T), instead, RNA contains the nucleotide base Uracil (U) in place of T. (RNA also contains the other three bases: Adenine (A), Cytosine (C) and Guanine (G). Secondly, RNA, unlike DNA is a single stranded molecule and is therefore not bonded to a complimentary base. The third difference between RNA and DNA is that there are three different types of RNA, mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA) and rRNA (ribosome RNA). mRNA carries the genetic code (instructions how to assemble the protein) from the DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm. tRNA picks up and transfers amino acids from cytoplasm to the mRNA on the ribosomes and is shaped similar to a cloverleaf. rRNA forms a structural part of ribosome that helps join the amino acid... ...RNA strand can then either be used again to create more proteins or be broken down into their separate nucleotides. Protein Synthesis is the process whereby DNA codes for the production of essential proteins. This process can be divided into two parts, transcription and translation. Transcription is the production of mRNA from a DNA template. mRNA carries the information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, which is where protein synthesis occurs. Before the synthesis of a protein begins, amino acids are attached to the tRNA molecule, which transport and attach them to the mRNA with the aid of rRNA, this is known as translation. Peptide bonds then form between the amino acids. Once the chain is completed the polypeptide chain separates from the tRNA and move in to the cytoplasm and in this way a protein is formed. Protein Synthesis Essay -- Papers Protein Synthesis Protein Synthesis is the process whereby DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) codes for the production of essential proteins, such as enzymes and hormones. Proteins are long chains of molecules called amino acids. Different proteins are made by using different sequences and varying numbers of amino acids. The smallest protein consists of fifty amino acids and the largest is about three thousand amino acids long. Protein synthesis occurs on ribosomes in the cytoplasm of a cell but is controlled by DNA located in the nucleus. Protein synthesis is a two-part process that involves a second type of nucleic acid along with DNA. This second type of nucleic acid is RNA, ribonucleic acid. RNA differs from DNA in three main respects. First, the sugar units in RNA are ribose as compared to DNA's deoxyribose. Because of this difference, RNA does not bind to the nucleotide base Thymine (T), instead, RNA contains the nucleotide base Uracil (U) in place of T. (RNA also contains the other three bases: Adenine (A), Cytosine (C) and Guanine (G). Secondly, RNA, unlike DNA is a single stranded molecule and is therefore not bonded to a complimentary base. The third difference between RNA and DNA is that there are three different types of RNA, mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA) and rRNA (ribosome RNA). mRNA carries the genetic code (instructions how to assemble the protein) from the DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm. tRNA picks up and transfers amino acids from cytoplasm to the mRNA on the ribosomes and is shaped similar to a cloverleaf. rRNA forms a structural part of ribosome that helps join the amino acid... ...RNA strand can then either be used again to create more proteins or be broken down into their separate nucleotides. Protein Synthesis is the process whereby DNA codes for the production of essential proteins. This process can be divided into two parts, transcription and translation. Transcription is the production of mRNA from a DNA template. mRNA carries the information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, which is where protein synthesis occurs. Before the synthesis of a protein begins, amino acids are attached to the tRNA molecule, which transport and attach them to the mRNA with the aid of rRNA, this is known as translation. Peptide bonds then form between the amino acids. Once the chain is completed the polypeptide chain separates from the tRNA and move in to the cytoplasm and in this way a protein is formed.

Yudhisthira’s Wisdom

While running after a deer in the forest. the pandava brothers became thirsty. It was hot and they were tired. Then yudhlsthlra sent sahadev, one of his brothers to look for water. When he did not return, he sends the other three brothers one at a time. When none of them returned he himself went to look for them. He saw them lying on the ground near a pool. They were either dead or unconscious. Yudhlsthlra did not no that they had ignored a yakshya's warning not to drink the water of his pool until hey answer his questions.Although Yudhisthira was very thirsty, he obeyed the yakshya and answers all his quesuons correctly. The Yakshya was pleased with hlrn ready to revive (bring back to life) one of his brothers. Then Yudhisthira chose Nakula on the moral ground. Pleased with Yudhisthira's righteousness, the Yakshya showed himself as Yama, and revived the entire tour brother. He then advised them to go to Matcha and also promised to help them when they were in danger.This story may be trying to tell us some thing about the Importance of patience, obedience to god's wisdom and right conduct. Without these qualities, the pandava brothers would not have become successful. This story can also be Interpreted to mean that righteousness make us feel good here on earth. In other word good actions are immediately rewarded. CRITICAL THINKING An atheist may ask a lot of quesuons about this beautiful story. Do gods really exist? If they exist what is the proof for their existence? Is righteousness always rewarded?Arent the good people ever in trouble? In spite of such questions, the answer given by Yudhlsthlra Is very simple. I am very much satisfied with the answers to the questions. â€Å"what can a man give up and immediately become rich? † â€Å"it is desire. † If we have no desire we can really be happy. ASSIMILATION This tale has influence me very much. All the answers are Yudhisthira are simple but very powerful. If we follow his wisdom we can make our life successful. I also knew that the value of wisdom and patience. We should be as patience.

Cause and Effects of Lying Essay

People lie everyday, in someway or another, to keep themselves out of trouble. People lie about all types of situations. Regardless, a lie is a lie. Lying never stops. Each day we make the same choice hundreds of times: whether to lie or tell the truth. We are so quick to over look the obvious yet inconsequential decisions that we make each day about lying and telling the truth. Getting into trouble is most often the situation that everyone tries to avoid and therefor lie about. With all the lying going on in todays society its often nearly impossible to trust anyone anymore. So I ask you when is lying acceptable? Is lying acceptable? How can telling a lie benefit you or hurt you? In my own personal knowledge I understand that we begin lying from almost the time we began speaking until we are taking our last breaths. As small children we lie we lie about little things like if we really pooped in our pants to coloring on the wall and in my opinion I beleive that is only the start. As we get older our daily use of lying gets more and more frequent. As teenagers we feel the need to constantly lie about our grades, chores,our homework, or even what our weekend plans consist of. As adults the lies get even more progressive and more unacceptable. What about lying to impress someone? Possibly the most typical type of lying is due to trying to impress someone. We lie to impress friends,family,co-workers, and even those random people we have no idea who they are. The question is can lying to impress someone help you? Well to answer your question, In some cases yes it can but you still need to be aware of the unintended consequences of lying. Unintended consequences include losing your job for lying about something as simple as your age as well as create a potential problem for future employment. Small children and teenagers are in constant battle with one another of who is better. The downfall to that is the truth being releived. In the end telling a lie is only going to hurt you. There are two effects of lying, the good and the bad. Some good examples of lying can be the obvious no one finds out the truth, But I mean lets face it sooner or later your bound to get caught. Lying to your parents about where you were on saturday night and them never knowing the truth is an excellent example of a positive effect. But on the other hand if you are to get caught in the lie you can face the possible  punishment of grounding, spanking, extra chores and even more. More importanly as adults we lie to our spouses. Lying to our spouse can have some serious longterm effects on our lives and others as well. It may result in divorce,or breakups, unhappiness and missery for the other partner as well as children if they are involved. So you see a lie can benefit you and hurt you. Another example of beneficial lying would be parents and there children. As parents we dont always understand what a child has so enthusiastically dwarn up for us, but we make sure to tell them we do. Those types of lies are probably the only exceptable and beneficial types of lying a person can do. Perhaps if we spent more time thinking on the consequences of lying we wouldn’t do it so frequently. Although a lie may seem beneficial at the time it is normally proceeded by some not so beneficial consequences. Just remember this one important thing lying hurts you more than anything. So if you must lie first ask yourself will I be benefiting anyone from my lie or hurting someone or myself. Stop and think for a moment. Lies equal lack of trust and we all need trust.

Acid Anhydride Definition - Chemistry Glossary

Acid Anhydride Definition - Chemistry Glossary Acid Anhydride Definition: An acid anhydride is a nonmetal oxide which reacts with water to form an acidic solution. In organic chemistry, an acid anhydride is a functional group consisting of two acyl groups joined together by an oxygen atom. Acid anhydride also refers to compounds containing the acid anhydride functional group. Acid anhydrides are named from the acids that created them. The acid part of the name is replaced with anhydride. For example, the acid anhydride formed from acetic acid would be acetic anhydride. Sources IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book) (2006).Nelson, D. L.; Cox, M. M. (2000). Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 3rd Ed. Worth Publishing: New York. ISBN 1-57259-153-6.Panico R., Powell W.H., Richer J.C., eds. (1993). Recommendation R-5.7.7. A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds. IUPAC/Blackwell Science. pp. 123–25. ISBN 0-632-03488-2.

Marita Golden is bringing up the idea if you read Essays

Marita Golden is bringing up the idea if you read Essays Marita Golden is bringing up the idea if you read more you will become a stronger writer. The major argument that she is creating is that if you read more in-depth readings you will enhance your writing skills which will make an individual a stronger writer. Golden talks about how readers now tend to read things like blog posts and social media posts rather than reading in-depth novels and other challenging materials. She says that this shows in her student's papers that they don't understand that the topics they are covering have already been wr itten about time and time again. I feel as though as if this interview has a lot of truth behind it. The more that I read, the better writer I become. Reading in-depth articles helps expand my vocabulary and m y knowledge on different topics. Reading also opens me up to different writing styles. This text would've been easier to understand if I had more background knowledge on Marita Golden to understand her background and why she chose to be such a strong reader. She answers this question, but her response was vague. I wish I knew more about her upbringing and how her parents raised her, and whether they put more emphasis on her white culture or black culture. Overall, the author uses personal experiences to bring attention to the fact that this generation is a group of poor writers. Their lack of reading shows in their lack of ability to write in-depth papers and other writings.

Junction Desing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Junction Desing - Term Paper Example Scenario 2: moderate accompanying refurbishments (low cost) Modifying the immediate major feeder roads to match the expectations of the ideal design for the junction. Scenario 2: Extensive work (high cost) Modifying all the minor and major feeder roads as well as the immediate link areas to major roads to be fed by the junction. Just as the level of work dictates, the three scenarios are more capital intensive as the work increase. However, with more work employed, so is the nearness towards creation of an ideal connection route and hence more effective in meeting public needs. Extensive work is also expected to create additional disturbances and challenges and hence there is a need to create a balance. The main environmental aspects considered in this report include: geology and soils, surface and groundwater conditions, air quality issues, generated noise, flora and fauna, landscaping and visual impact, cultural heritage, as well the population and general economy (O'Flaherty, 2002 , p. 123). This basically involves identification of the environmentally sensitive aspect along the connection route. It should be noted that no biodiversity areas under national or international legislation protection have been identified as lying along the area of construction. However, usage of natural resources including water resources, agriculturally viable land as well as forests is reviewed in the report. Improvements proposed Design standards for Junction Improvements. Design elements: Channelization: The movement of traffic flow at intersections to specified lanes and paths, by way of traffic marks is referred to as channelization. Channelization works for segregation of conflicts, regulation of conflict angles, regulation of speed, securing of automotive leaving or crossing the major traffic streams, securing of pedestrians, getting rid of excessive intersectional areas, blocking of prohibited movements as well as positioning of traffic regulation devices (Silver & Corbin , 2008). Design speed: The design speed at the intersection will help in governing multiple elements including entry – exit radius as well as the inscribed diameter. The design speed at the intersections in this case will vary from 20kmph to 25 kmph. Radius at entry: The radius at entry is defined by the design speed adopted, super elevation as well as the coefficient of friction. The radius should amount to drivers reducing their speeds to the design speed limit of the rotary. A range lying between 15 and 25 m is considered appropriate for the junction in question. Radius at exit: The exit radii should exceed the entry radii in order to enable the vehicles to increase speed while getting off the intersection. A range lying between 20 and 35 m is to be adopted in the remodeled design. A reduced radius may be chosen if the design speed at the point of exit calls for low speed due to high pedestrian flows as well as the site conditions. Width of carriageway at entry and exit: T he carriageway width with regard to the intersection legs is regulated by the design year traffic getting into and leaving the junction. The width at point of entry and point of exit depends on the carriageway width of the approaching road. The carriageway width with respect to the approaching road is dependent on the number of lanes that needs to be accommodated in each and every direction which largely depends on the volume of traffic entering and leaving the

Business Operations and Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Business Operations and Systems - Essay Example However, the designing of a business model requires the effective use of human, tangible and intangible assets of the company. The conceptualization of a business model depends upon the efficiency of the manager and the employees. An effective implementation of a business model paves the path of success for the companies. A business model needs to change as per the changing market trends of the economy. A manager must possess certain qualities which can distinguish him/her form other managers of the companies (Birch, 2008). The managers should be able to perform activities within a particular time frame. The managers should be result oriented and be able to think in terms of results and not duties. The managers should be able to prioritize among various objectives and make effective decisions by examining various alternatives. The managers should be able to create learning atmosphere within the company to improve the knowledge base of the employees and translate visions into strategi es (Prahalad and Hamel, 1996). Leaders and managers are not synonymous because a manager may possess leadership qualities but a leader may or may not possess managerial qualities. A leader is an individual who influences the work and behaviour of his subordinates in group efforts towards the achievement of a certain goals and objectives. A leader motivates his subordinates to attain the goals and objectives in an effective manner. To attain the goals and objectives of a company the managers of a company need to establish a healthy relationship with their subordinates. Managers of the company should apply the â€Å"Social Capital† theory in their companies. The central point of the theory is that relationships constitute a valuable resource for the conduct of social affair. According to theorist Bourdieu, the application of social capital theory in the fields of management can help in harnessing the true potential of the employees (Bourdieu, 1993 cited in Lesser, 2000, p.121). Social capital theory helps in exploring the actual and potential intellectual capital of the employees. The manager of the company needs to utilize the human resource, tangible and intangible assets at the optimum level to determine the effectiveness of the company. Authors Hamel and Prahlad conceptualized the enterprise as a portfolio of knowledge, assets and resources and competencies. According to these authors, certain companies were more productive than the other companies because they utilized the knowledge, capacity and competence of their resources at the optimum level. The tangible assets of the company include fixed assets like plant and machinery, buildings etc and current assets such as inventory. Non tangible assets include patents, copyright etc. The human resource of the company includes the skill and competence level of the employees. The manager needs to establish juxtaposition between these three assets to achieve optimum level of efficiency. According to authors Hamel and Prahalad, resource leverage is defined as doing more (or adding more value) with what you have (Hamel and Prahalad, 1966 cited in Morden, 2007, p.445). One of the main task of the manager is to recruit qualified employees and give them proper training and guidance to utilize the company’s fixed assets and resources. The manager needs to ensure that the company has a right mix of skills and knowledge to meet the goals

Problems and Issues of Childhood Obesity Research Paper

Problems and Issues of Childhood Obesity - Research Paper Example This essay "Problems and Issues of Childhood Obesity" outlines the consequences of the obesity and the steps that should be taken to stop it. When children take much of the beverages such as soda and juice boxes, they increase their chances of contracting the obesity. Therefore, large soda bottle quantities should not be advertised where the children are since they promote obesity epidemic. The number of children consuming soda has increased by 300% for the last 20 years. This shows the rate at which children are at risk of being obese. It is, therefore, documented that, there has been a 60% increase in obesity due to this increase in consumption of soda by children. Such beverages as soda contain some amount of calories that contributes to obesity, and currently, it is estimated that 20% of the children are overweight due to the contributions of calories intake in beverages. It has been noted that children of the current world show a great reduction in physical activity. With the cu rrent growth in use of technology such as computers, watching television and their rest, most children tend to remain non-mobile as they can do almost everything they want at a sitting. Physical education has also greatly reduced in our schools making the children neglect physical activity. All these new factors of life have made children adopt a sedentary lifestyle which make them attract the disposing factors of becoming obese. The current sedentary lifestyle that has been adopted by children also contribute to the increase of the obesity epidemic.

Weekly essay 9 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Weekly 9 - Essay Example To complement the African decolonization process, Fanons brings in the concept of change in order. An order where the colonized rise up against the colonial masters and taking over. This was witnessed in several African countries with Ethiopia being a good example. Ethiopia through violence resisted Italians surge into their territory. After many years of political oppression, Africans get united with a common course to drive out colonizers out of the African continent. This wave sweeps through the entire continent that led to most countries being decolonized in the 1960’s (Fanon and Philcox 80-85). Violence is an inevitable process according to Fanon in the decolonization process. The colonizers rule, its police, its army and colonial representatives are all violent to the Natives. They posses all the best and live all the worst to the Natives. The Natives also want to be there and this is not through negotiation. Violence begets violence; the harsh rule of the colonialists does not elicit obedience but violence in return. Furthermore, violence is the only way the colonized reclaim their values which they regard not as a favor but their fundamental

Eva Bellin argues that democratic transition can be carried out Essay

Eva Bellin argues that democratic transition can be carried out successfully when the state's coercive apparatus [security - Essay Example The dissatisfaction may rise to violence but if the state’s coercive apparatus, which is Military and Police, is willing to suppress the revolutionaries, the system still can have the chances of survival even among hazards though illegitimately (Skocpol, 1979). The same rule applies to the democratic transition which is, in a sense, a revolution which the state’s powerful apparatus tries to stop from taking effect (Skocpol, 1979). For example in Middle East, what hinders democracy is the strong authoritarianism systematically helped by the military (Bellin, 2004). The powerful military has the illegitimate will to resist democratic transition in Middle East. Coercive apparatus sometimes couples with the civilian leadership for example in Egypt and Syria. Here the leadership is civilian however no true democratic transition can occur. The reason is simple; civilian leadership and military go hand in hand for the joint interests and against the joint threat. They control the state mutually and the share in authority is so systematically equaled that none can go against the other. Both of them are patrimonially linked to each other (Bellin, 2004). For the state’s coercive apparatus to permit the society to experience democratic transition, there are many factors which play the pivotal role. Economy is one such factor. The stronger is the economy of a state, the less are the chances of democratization to emerge and succeed. Analytics of the history reveal that whenever the economy went down and the coercive apparatus got less money from the regime, misunderstandings developed between the state and military. With consistency in the downfall of the economy, the misunderstandings took the aggravated shape. The crises benefitted the democratic powers to struggle for the transition. Politicians struggled with no fear as the military had its own problems. They stood successful in their mission (Bellin, 2004). The international support for a regime de cides the fate of democratic transition. The situation in such cases demands honesty to be shown by the international community. When the coercive regimes lose their international support, they are encountered with many issues. The aggravating situations require immediate replacement and democracy comes up with the most feasible solution. The coercive apparatus has to welcome the democratic transition. They are forced to do so because the absence of international support results in the downfall of the economy (Bellin, 2004). The strength of coercive apparatus lies in its institutionalization. The more is the apparatus institutionalized, the less will it have the will to conquer the political borders. The less is the coercive apparatus institutionalized, the more will it have the will to resist the democratic transition. Institutionalization in coercive apparatus refers to the norms inside it. If the apparatus is systematically administered by the use of rules, principles and merit, it is called to be institutionalized. Here recruitment is based on merit and promotion on performance not political affiliation. Discipline is a sort of ethics in the domain (Huntington, 1991). Contrary to this, coercive apparatus is said to be less institutionalized if there is no obeying of rules and principles in the proper understanding of the terms. Promotion is hierarchical and

Case Project Troubleshooting WANs Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Project Troubleshooting WANs - Coursework Example This step would include identifying if the NIC is properly installed; cable connections into ports and wall jacks are not loose; network length does not exceed IEEE standards; and, device configurations. The best way to troubleshoot would be to replace a suspicious network component with an efficient one. I would set the NIC to 100 MBs with full duplex because there might be an auto-negotiation trouble with the router. I would also try rebooting the server. I would also check if there are any firewalls that are preventing the computers from seeing each other. After this step, I would log into the department’s gateway to check the transfer of data traffic. If that turns out to be okay, then I would try to locate any changes made to the gateway. In case there are no changes, I would try to use a trace route command to an Internet site to the other side of the router to find out where the blockage in data traffic is occurring. This trace route command will go beyond the gateway b ut will fail in case of no connectivity.

Weekly essay 9 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Weekly 9 - Essay Example To complement the African decolonization process, Fanons brings in the concept of change in order. An order where the colonized rise up against the colonial masters and taking over. This was witnessed in several African countries with Ethiopia being a good example. Ethiopia through violence resisted Italians surge into their territory. After many years of political oppression, Africans get united with a common course to drive out colonizers out of the African continent. This wave sweeps through the entire continent that led to most countries being decolonized in the 1960’s (Fanon and Philcox 80-85). Violence is an inevitable process according to Fanon in the decolonization process. The colonizers rule, its police, its army and colonial representatives are all violent to the Natives. They posses all the best and live all the worst to the Natives. The Natives also want to be there and this is not through negotiation. Violence begets violence; the harsh rule of the colonialists does not elicit obedience but violence in return. Furthermore, violence is the only way the colonized reclaim their values which they regard not as a favor but their fundamental

Case Project Troubleshooting WANs Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Project Troubleshooting WANs - Coursework Example This step would include identifying if the NIC is properly installed; cable connections into ports and wall jacks are not loose; network length does not exceed IEEE standards; and, device configurations. The best way to troubleshoot would be to replace a suspicious network component with an efficient one. I would set the NIC to 100 MBs with full duplex because there might be an auto-negotiation trouble with the router. I would also try rebooting the server. I would also check if there are any firewalls that are preventing the computers from seeing each other. After this step, I would log into the department’s gateway to check the transfer of data traffic. If that turns out to be okay, then I would try to locate any changes made to the gateway. In case there are no changes, I would try to use a trace route command to an Internet site to the other side of the router to find out where the blockage in data traffic is occurring. This trace route command will go beyond the gateway b ut will fail in case of no connectivity.

Forgetting Sarah Marshall Essay Example for Free

Forgetting Sarah Marshall Essay The movie â€Å"Forgetting Sarah Marshall† is a successful example of comedy. It was theoretical released on April 18, 2008. The film was brought together by a group of well acted performers and was very famous for perfectly combining the hilarious performances and the laughter together. I think that a successful comedy movie has to have these important factors. First, it needs to be performed with the perfect sounds elements such as the background music and the songs in the movie; second, the movie should be brought by some famous figures and directors, which were well-known in the comedy industry to make sure it will have a great hit this time; third, there should be a lot of stupid scenes with nonsense in the movie that will make people laugh their heads off. The movie â€Å"Forgetting Sarah Marshall† won the Golden Trailer Award for Wild Posts in the year 2008 and was nominated for 6 different awards such as the Golden Trailer Award Best Comedy, and Teen Choice Comedy Awards. The film is directed by the famous Nicholas Stoller and was written by Jason Segal. The movie was a successful hit and was well know among the teen’s group as well as the adults group. The main character of the movie; Peter, he had the most perfect life that all man wished for; which is dating the most famous and the sexiest TV star of the show Crime Scene, Scene of the Crime. But an awful break up which was brought up by now his ex-girl friend, TV star Sarah Marshall; Peter felt like he needs to get away from his life and forget everything about Sarah, so he decided to go to Hawaii for a vacation. The problem is Peter’s ex-girl friend is also on a trip to Hawaii with his new boyfriend; Snow. Peter had to learn to forget the past, stop being a baby, and finally become a man. In the movie, Peter is a sound effect editor for his ex-girlfriend’s TV show; Crime Scene, Scene of the Crime, he was suppose to do dark and ominous music for the background, after he broke up with Sarah, he was playing lively music for the show, which was a perfect part with sarcastic and dark humor in it. The movie cleverly blends together his act with his music talents. Such as the Dracula puppet song that he sang in front of a crowd of strangers that has no idea what he is doing, as soon as he is finished with the Dracula song; the awkward situation that everyone was in total silence was amusing and made the audience want to laugh without a reason. When Sarah Marshall’s new boy friend went on stage and sang her the song â€Å"Inside You†, with the ridicules body movements that he did with the song, the audiences are usually stunned at first, but as we watch it further, it definitely leads to full of laughter. A powerful comedy should be brought together by a group of well known figures in the comedy industry. â€Å"Forgetting Sarah Marshall† is a perfect example of a good comedy because it was produced by four producers, which they were all very famous for being in the comedy business for so long. The exclusive producer Richard Vane was also the producer of Last Holiday (2004), Rodney Rothman who was also the producer for Help Me Help You (2006), and Judd Apatow who was the actor in Pineapple Express (2008). Most importantly, Producer Shauna Robertson. She was the producer for many previous comedy great hits; such as the Pineapple Express (2008), Knocked Up (2007), The 40-Year-Old Virgin (2005) and Meet the Parents (2000). Jason Segal which was the writer of the film was also the leading actor of the movie. Actress Kristen Bell from the famous TV show Gossip Girl also took part in the movie, as well as Mila Kunis who was the sound for Meg Griffin for Family Guy and Bill Hader from Knocked up. With this impressive group of producers and performers, people will surge into the movie theater as soon as the film is released in the theaters. The most important element for a comedy is it has to have some scene that came out of nowhere and was totally stupid with nonsense. It is very important for a comedy, because people usually watch comedies when they don’t want to think about things and just want to enjoy the movie; otherwise there is no point of watching it. â€Å"Forgetting Sarah Marshall† is a perfect example because it is filled with nonsense. After breaking up with Sarah, Peter Felt like that he needs to have sex with different women just because his ex-girlfriend is having sex with another guy. After having a one night stand with a women that he barely even known, Peter cried in front of her and was acting totally out of ordinary. Also when the chief invite him to go and prepare dinner with him, they end up chasing a pig and Peter had to kill the pig with his bare hands. Scene in the movie shows much different nonsense that will usually make people laugh from their heart. The movie was loved widely all over the world, but there are still a lot of people who didn’t like the movie â€Å"Forgetting Sarah Marshall†. A lot of professionals’ movie critics didn’t like the movie because they think that the contents are â€Å"totally forgettable† or they think that â€Å"it is hard to like a character in the movie, when his own movie makes fun of himself. † I disagree with these critics, because there are many scenes in movie that people will not forget after that watched it, and a comedy are usually funny because the main characters were made fun of, either by himself or the other characters in the movie. That is what usually makes a movie a great hit of comedies. Just like what I previously mentioned, â€Å"forgetting Sarah Marshall† includes the perfect factors of sound element, was performed and brought together by a power group of people in the comedy industries, it also includes many stupid senses that people will not forget and will be talking about it among everyone who have watched the movie. This film is a great example of a comedy, and it is only for you to watch it and find out for yourself.

Compensation System For Multinational Corporations Economics Essay

Compensation System For Multinational Corporations Economics Essay Global compensation managers that is, everyone involved at any level in pay-related decisions increasingly deal with two areas of focus. They must manage highly complex and turbulent local details while concurrently building and maintaining a unified, strategic pattern of compensation policies, practices and values. For multinationals successfully to manage compensation and benefits requires knowledge of employment and taxation law, customs, environment and employment practices of many foreign countries, familiarity with currency fluctuations and the effect of inflation on compensation and an understanding of why and when special allowances must be supplied and which allowances are necessary in what countries all within the context of shifting political, economic and social conditions. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MULTI NATIONAL CORPORATION (MNC) AND TRANS NATIONAL CORPORATION (TNC) The both multinationals corporations and transnational corporations operate internationally and their compensation or reward system is also similar, but some differences exist between two, which are: MNCs operate in several different countries while transnational implies just across the border as in the US and Canada. Obviously, both operate internationally A MNC has a centralized headquarters is a corporation with extensive ties international operations in more than one foreign country. Examples are Coke, Pepsi, General Electric, Exxon, Wal-Mart, and Mitsubishi. A transnational company has no head office and moves whatever base of operations it has fluidly between its national offices. It is a MNC that operates worldwide without being identified with a national home base i.e. it is said to operate on a borderless basis. Examples are Daewoo, Saint Gobain, Sony, Samsung Group, Shell Oil etc. OBJECTIVES OF INTERNATIONAL COMPENSATION When developing international compensation policies, a firm seeks to satisfy several objectives. The policy should be consistent with the overall strategy, structure and business needs of the multinational. The policy must work to attract and retain staff in the areas where the multinational has the greatest needs and opportunities. Hence the policy must be competitive and recognize factors such as incentive for Foreign Service, tax equalization and reimbursement for reasonable costs. The policy should facilitate the transfer of international employees in the most cost-effective manner for the firm. The policy must give due consideration to equity and ease of administration. The international employee will also have a number of objectives that need to be achieved from the firms compensation policy. First, the employee will expect the policy to offer financial protection in terms of benefits, social security and living costs in the foreign location. Second, the employee will expect a foreign assignment to offer opportunities for financial advancement through income and/or savings. Third, the employee will expect issues such as housing, education of children and recreation to be addressed in the policy. If we contrast the objectives of the multinational and the employee, we see, of course, the potential for many complexities and possible problems, as some of these objectives cannot be maximized on both sides. Firms must rethink the traditional view that local conditions dominate international compensation strategy. COMPENSATION MANAGEMENT OR SYSTEM The type and amount of compensation necessary to attract technically and culturally qualified international managers and technical professionals to the three nationals or country categories involved international human resource management activities from which employees are selected whether the people are: PCNs (parent country nationals) TCNs (third country nationals) HCNs (host country nationals) An expatriate is an employee working in a country other than their country of origin. PCNs (Parent Country Nationals) Those personnel who are of the same nationality as the contracting government or personnel from headquarters They come from the home country of the operation. The policy of using PCNs is usually employed when one or more of the following situations exist: (1) the host country cannot readily supply desired managerial personnel, (2) efficient communication with headquarters is required, and (3) the company adopts a centralized approach to globalization. TCNs (Third Country Nationals) Those personnel of a separate nationality to both the contracting government and the area of operations i.e. whose nation of residence is neither the host country nor the home country. Such an employee normally is recruited from outside the host country and relocated from the point of recruitment to the host country. HCNs (Host Country Nationals) These are Indigs (Indigenous Personnel) / Nationals / Locals those personnel who are indigenous to the area of operations Whose basic residence or home is the host nation. Local colleagues of the expatriate, they are valuable socializing agents, sources of social support, assistance, and friendship to expatriates. Expatriates are more likely to adjust when HCNs engage in this behavior. HR managers focus on their strategic objectives to develop a comprehensive compensation plan, in terms of considering base pay, short and long-term incentives, benefits and growth opportunities. The objective of this kind of strategy is to ensure that both TNC/MNCs long and short-term objectives coexist in the compensation system without overlap, which would duplicate a single pay plan for the same objectives. The purpose of the planning is also designed to ensure that the compensation system attracts and retains the desired employees and that it motivates them to do those things that support the business plan. KEY COMPONENTS OF AN INTERNATIONAL COMPENSATION PROGRAM The area of international compensation is complex primarily because multinationals must cater to three categories of employees: PCNs, TCNs and HCNs. Key components of international compensation are as follows: COMPONENTS OF MNCS COMPENSATION BASIC SALARY ALLOWANCES OTHER BENEFITS 1. Base Salary In a domestic context, base salary denotes the amount of cash compensation serving as a benchmark for other compensation elements (such as bonuses and benefits). For expatriates, it is the primary component of a package of allowances, many of which are directly related to base salary (e.g. Foreign Service premium, cost-of-living allowance, housing allowance) and also the basis for in-service benefits and pension contributions. It may be paid in home or local-country currency. The base salary is the foundation block for international compensation whether the employee is a PCN or TCN. Major differences can occur in the employees package depending on whether the base salary is linked to the home country of the PCN or TCN, or whether an international rate is paid. Foreign Service inducement/hardship premium Parent-country nationals often receive a salary premium as an inducement to accept a foreign assignment or as compensation for any hardship caused by the transfer. The definition of hardship, eligibility for the premium and amount and timing of payment must be addressed. In cases in which hardship is determined, US firms often refer to the US Department of States Hardship Post Differentials Guidelines to determine an appropriate level of payment. Making international comparisons of the cost of living is problematic. These payments are more commonly paid to PCNs than TCNs. Foreign service inducements, if used, are usually made in the form of a percentage of salary, usually 5-40 per cent of base pay. Such payments vary, depending upon the assignment, actual hardship, tax consequences and length of assignment. 2. Allowances Issues concerning allowances can be very challenging to a firm establishing an overall compensation policy, partly because of the various forms of allowances that exist. (a)The cost-of-living allowance (COLA), which typically receives the most attention, involves a payment to compensate for differences in expenditures between the home country and the foreign country (to account for inflation differentials, for example). The COLA may also include payments for housing and utilities, personal income tax or discretionary items. (b)The provision of a housing allowance implies that employees should be entitled to maintain their home-country living standards (or, in some cases, receive accommodation that is equivalent to that provided for similar foreign employees and peers). Other alternatives include company-provided housing, either mandatory or optional, a fixed housing allowance or assessment of a portion of income, out of which actual housing costs are paid. As a firm internationalizes, formal policies become more necessary and efficient. (c)There is also a provision for home leave allowances. Many employers cover the expense of one or more trips back to the home country each year. Firms allowing use of home leave allowances for foreign travel need to be aware that expatriate employees with limited international experience who opt for foreign travel rather than returning home may become more homesick than other expatriates who return home for a reality check with fellow employees and friends. (d)Education allowances for expatriates children are also an integral part of any international compensation policy. Allowances for education can cover items such as tuition, language class tuition, enrolment fees, books and supplies, transportation, room and board and uniforms. PCNs and TCNs usually receive the same treatment concerning educational expenses. (e)Relocation allowances usually cover moving, shipping and storage charges, temporary living expenses, subsidies regarding appliance or car purchases (or sales) and down payments or lease-related charges. Allowances regarding perquisites (cars, club memberships, servants10 and so on) may also need to be considered (usually for more senior positions, but this varies according to location). These allowances are often contingent upon tax-equalization policies and practices in both the home and the host countries. (f)Spouse assistance to help guard against or offset income lost by an expatriates spouse as a result of relocating abroad. Although some firms may pay an allowance to make up for a spouses lost income, US firms are beginning to focus on providing spouses with employment opportunities abroad, either by offering job-search assistance or employment in the firms foreign office (subject to a work visa being available). (g)Multinationals generally pay allowances in order to encourage employees to take international assignments and to keep employees whole relative to home standards. In terms of housing, companies usually pay a tax-equalized housing allowance in order to discourage the purchase of housing and/or to compensate for higher housing costs. This allowance is adjusted periodically based on estimates of both local and foreign housing costs. 3. Benefits The complexity inherent in international benefits often brings more difficulties than when dealing with compensation. Pension plans are very difficult to deal with country-to-country, as national practices vary considerably. Transportability of pension plans, medical coverage and social security benefits are very difficult to normalize. Firms need to address many issues when considering benefits, including: Whether or not to maintain expatriates in home-country programs, particularly if the firm does not receive a tax deduction for it. Whether firms have the option of enrolling expatriates in host-country benefit programs and/or making up any difference in coverage. Whether expatriates should receive home-country or host-country social security benefits. In some countries, expatriates cannot opt out of local social security programs. In such circumstances, the firm normally pays for these additional costs. Laws governing private benefit practices differ from country to country, and firm practices also vary. Multinationals have generally done a good job of planning for the retirement needs of their PCN employees, but this is generally less the case for TCNs. TCNs may have little or no home-country social security coverage; They may have spent many years in countries that do not permit currency transfers of accrued benefit payments; Or they may spend their final year or two of employment in a country where final average salary is in a currency that relates unfavourably to their home-country currency. In addition to the already discussed benefits, multinationals also provide vacations and special leave. Included as part of the employees regular vacation, annual home leave usually provides airfares for families to return to their home countries. Rest and rehabilitation leave, based on the conditions of the host country, also provides the employees family with free airfares to a more comfortable location near the host country. Emergency provisions are available in case of a death or illness in the family. Employees in hardship locations often receive additional leave expense payments and rest and rehabilitation periods. ADDITIONAL PAYMENTS AND SERVICES Lifestyle enhancement services à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Provision for employee family to learn the local language à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Education training of employee family on local culture, customs and social expectations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Counseling services for employee family à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Assistance in finding a home at the foreign work site / school suitable education programmes for children dependents à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Company car, driver, domestic staff, and child care à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Use of Fitness facilities / subsidized health care services à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Assistance in joining local civic, social, professional organizations Allowances Premiums à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Foreign Service premium tax equalization allowance à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Temporary living allowance à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Currency protection à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Mobility premium à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Stopover allowance à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Completion of assignment bonus à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Assignment extension bonus à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Emergency loan à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Extended work-week payment APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL COMPENSATION There are two main approaches in the area of international compensation The Going Rate Approach (also referred to as the Market Rate Approach) The Balance Sheet Approach (also known as the Build-up Approach). (a)The Going Rate Approach With this approach, the base salary for international transfer is linked to the salary structure in the host country. The multinational usually obtains information from local compensation surveys and must decide whether local nationals (HCNs), expatriates of the same nationality or expatriates of all nationalities will be the reference point in terms of benchmarking. For example, a Japanese bank operating in New York would need to decide whether its reference point would be local US salaries, other Japanese competitors in New York or all foreign banks operating in New York. With the Going Rate Approach, if the location is in a low-pay county, the multinational usually supplements base pay with additional benefits and payments. The Balance Sheet Approach The basic objective is to keep the expatriate whole (that is, maintaining relativity to PCN colleagues and compensating for the costs of an international assignment) through maintenance of home-country living standard plus a financial inducement to make the package attractive. The approach links the base salary for PCNs and TCNs to the salary structure of the relevant home country. For example, a US executive taking up an international position would have his or her compensation package built upon the US base-salary level rather than that applicable to the host country. The key assumption of this approach is that foreign assignees should not suffer a material loss due to their transfer, and this is accomplished through the utilization of what is generally referred to as the Balance-sheet Approach. COMPENSATION ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO Incentives provided to stimulate movement or expatriation to a foreign location/ host country Allowances for repatriation to home country Additional tax burdens placed on employees working in a foreign location Labour regulations in home and host country Cost-of-living allowances in the host country Home country and host country currency fluctuation Formal and informal compensation practices unique to the host country Determining home country for setting base pay of TCNs MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES CONCERNING INTERNATIONAL BENEFITS COMPENSATION Compensation is one of the most complex areas of international human resource management Pay systems must conform to local laws and customs for employee compensation while also fitting into global MNC policies Managers face diverse political systems, laws regulations; confront different economic climates, economic development, tax policies, diverse culture, customs, the role of labor unions, standard of living It is also important for MNCs to consider carefully the motivational use of incentives and rewards among the employees drawn from three national or country categories The traditional function of pay to attract, retain and motivate employees has not changed The emphasis has shifted from the attraction and retention functions to the motivation function. TNC/MNCs must ensure that those skilled employees are compensated for achieving goals that make the international business operations succeed HR managers focus on their strategic objectives to develop a comprehensive compensation plan, in terms of considering base pay, short and long-term incentives, benefits and growth opportunities The objective of this kind of strategy is to ensure that both TNC/MNCs long and short-term objectives coexist in the compensation system without overlap, which would duplicate a single pay plan for the same objectives. The purpose of the planning is also designed to ensure that the compensation system attracts and retains the desired employees and that it motivates them to do those things that support the business plan The compensation costs of a family with children are shifted to hardship allowance for schooling, childcare, increased residence cost and all fringe benefits associated with supporting a family life cycle It may be that international compensation administration is more complex than its domestic counterpart, but not radically different in pattern or form. QUESTIONS:- Q1. What is international compensation system? Explain its objectives. Q2. Explain the parties involved in international compensation system? Q3. List the components of an international compensation program. Q4. Explain the approaches to international compensation system. Q5. What are different challenges faced by the management concerned to various benefits in international compensation program.

Economics of Marriage :: essays research papers

Economics of Marriage Nowadays, marriage is hardly a new subject of discussion and is found in every human society. Any marriage involves two individuals each of whom has their own experience of that marriage. Nowadays, the roles and expectations that the families have to fulfill are distributed evenly among the members of the family. What this means is that mothers, who were identified in the past as household wives (since they were responsible with cleaning, cooking and raising children) are granted with more rights such as the right to participate in a voting process or the right to get a job. As oppose to mothers, fathers have always been mainly responsible with working hard to support their families because in most of the situations, they were the main financial providers. As a result, they had to bring money to their families by any means even if that meant getting more than one job. This situation became much more problematic when children appeared in the families. As we all know, children had and will always play an extremely important role and raising them is a big responsibility for thei r parents. Having children and only one member of the family (for instance the father) working is a familiar situation for most families. In this case, the father has to be more realistic than ever that his family relies on his financial support. He has to make sure that his family has the necessary supplies to survive. If this situation is not being resolved due to various reasons such as the husband does not earn enough money or just simply refuses to contribute financially, conflicts and issues may arise which often lead to family separations, and thus, poor living conditions and even death from malnutrition. This is exactly the situation that parents have to avoid. They have to be more responsible and realistic of their own actions, and take the decisions that are in the best interest of the family, the right decisions. These types of marriages are called emotional and financial support marriages. Another type of marriages that are very common nowadays and very numerous on a wide scale are the economic marriages. Economic marriages are essentially those kind of marriages in which money play a tremendous role in the lives of one or more couples. This is often a situation in which one or even both individuals involved in marriage have an unconditional desire and hunger for money.

Timeless Message of Equality in Oscar Wildes The Importance of Being E

Timeless Message of Equality in Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest    Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest satirizes Victorian society.   The witty epigrams of his characters provide light comedy masking the underlying theme of criticism of the Victorian way of life.   Wilde's effective use of humour diffuses the tense theme of his work.   In a Victorian society that emphasized progress, it was precarious for artists like Oscar Wilde to express an imperfect interpretation of life in nineteenth-century England.   Wilde's attack on the ethics of his era is an attempt to fulfill the author's prophecy that art has the power to dictate life, not merely imitate it (614-615).   At a time when the world measured progress in empirical research, Wilde chose to use the English language rather than the scientific method as his mean to transform society.   The Importance of Being Earnest satirizes two main social constructs:   social class and gender relations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Importance of Being Earnest, Oscar Wilde makes fun of characters from the upper class to bring about change in the social construct of the class system.   Wilde satirizes the upper class? pompous attitude, ideas of progress, and emphasis on earnestness.   Wilde identifies the pompous attitude of the upper class by creating characters with distorted perceptions of their self-importance in society.   When Lane the servant says there were no cucumbers at the market, ?[n]ot even for ready money? (8), Algernon seems surprised that his wealth has not given him a slighted chance to obtain cucumbers over the common man.   Algernon?s subordinate view of Lane also symbolizes his arrogance.   As the story opens, Algernon wants to talk to Lane about himself, but... ...e art impact life instead of simply imitating it.   Wilde stood at the forefront of a movement by artists who deflected the confines of the scientific method to reform society.   As The Importance of Being Earnest continues to flourish many years after it was written, Wilde?s message of equality between the social classes and the sexes transcends generations.   Oscar Wilde succeeded in transforming the landscape of art and society.   Ã‚  Works Cited Keach, William, John Richetti, Bruce Robbins, and Carol Moulton, eds.   Adventures in English Literature.   Toronto:   Holt, Rineheart and Wiston, 1996.   599-615. Kishlansky, Mark, Patrick Geary, and Particia O?Brien.   Civilization in the West.   New York:   Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, 1998.   839-843. Wilde, Oscar.   The Importance of Being Earnest.   New York:   Dover Publications, 1990.   1-54.

International Students Essay

Most young people believe that studying in a different country is a privilege because they are able to experience other cultures, and learn from them. However, in the United States it is not as good as they thought because International students have much more pressure being in this country, and sometimes they cannot handle it very well. Therefore, in the United States the life of an international student is very unfavorable if people compare it to the life of an American student. International students have to learn a new language to study, they cannot work while studying, and their tuition is much more expensive. When people moves to the United Stated to study they imagine that it will be very helpful, and they believe that learning a new language (English) will not be a problem. However, when they really start studying their major, they find out that it is not easy since people have to really understand and appreciate the language. First of all, in order to have success in university in the United States people have to compose a number of essays which if people do not understand their structure, they will be incorrect , so international students have to really learn English, and they have to know how to write it in order to have success. Also, for them to have success in university they have to participate in class, and analyze an amount of readings, and because they are international students, it is very difficult to achieve since they believe that Americans are going to laugh at them or make jokes of them if they say something incorrectly. For example, some Americans do not realize sometimes how hard is for international students being in a different country, with different people, learning a new language, and experiencing different cultures, so some of them do not really appreciate the effort that international students put on being in the United States. They just think that it is easy and do not care about how they feel. On the other hand, American students since they are in middle school they are taught how to write very good essays , so when they get in college they do not have any problem creating essays. They know their structure and have a very superior vocabulary, so they can compose excellent essays. In addition, since American students speak English very well, they do not have any problem participating in class. They have confidence in themselves, so they will not be afraid of saying something wrong. Consequently, because American students do not have to learn any language to study their mayor, it is much easier for them to achieve excellent grades. Most university students feel the necessity of working since they would like to have their own money in order to be independent from their parents. It is not the exception for International students because they also feel the necessity of working to be independent from their parents or whoever is responsible for them. However, for international students to work in the United States it is very difficult because they are only allowed to work on campus. These kinds of jobs are very limited since some of the campuses in which they study are very small. Also for an international student to find a job on campus is difficult because people prefer to employee an American student who is not going to have any problem speaking the language. For example, last semester a friend from Venezuela who is studying at Miami Dade College decided that he wanted to get a job in order to have his own money. He went to every single place where he could be employee. However, when he went to all these places, all the people told him that at that time they did not need any person, so he realize that to get a job on campus was very difficult, and not only that but a few weeks later he noticed that a new person was working in the campus coffee, so he proves that for an international student to get a job on campus is very difficult. On the contrary, American students can work wherever and whenever they want and it does not matter if they are studying or no. They can have their own money and support themselves while being in university. As a result, the fact that they can work while studying really helps them to have more confidence and to achieve better possessions. Because American students can work while studying, it is better to be a citizen of the United States than an international student. The most important difference between International students and American students is the tuition that they pay. International students are require to pay a very expensive tuitions if it is compare with the tuitions that American students have to pay. The tuition is very inequality, and it is only because they are international al students. Sometimes it seems to be very difficult for international students to pay the tuition because it is very expensive. For instance, an international student who studies in Miami Dade College is require to take twelve credits or more per semester which represents three thousand seven hundred dollars. However, an American student only has to pay for the same amount of credits twelve hundred dollars per semester. It is very inequality and unfair that just because they are from a different country, they would have to pay so much more money than an American student. On the contrary, it is very easy for American students to pay the tuition that the university requires. They can even pay for it with their own money. Therefore, it is easy for them to achieve their goals, and to have their independency from their parents. In conclusion, an international student has to put a lot of effort if he or she wants to be success in college. However, although American students also have to put a lot of effort to be success, it is easier for them since they already know the language, they can work while studying, and their tuition is pretty much inexpensive. Also, people have to keep in mind that being an American student is a privilege, and they should take advantage of it in order to achieve their goals in life.

Street Racing and Li Ping Wong

I INTRODUCTONStreet racing has long been identified as a threat to civil society with significant social and economic impact. Street racing threatens the lives of other road users and causes unnecessary nuisance to the public. There are several ways to prevent teenagers from being involved in illegal racing are parents need to play their role, organizing campaigns and talks, and creating legal racing area.II BODYA. One ways to prevent teenagers from being involved in illegal racing are parents need to play their role. 1. Family socio economic status and family structure may influence an adolescent risk taking behaviours (Li Ping Wong, 2011) a. Parents must give attention to their teenagers.b. Parental support,monitoring and strict rules and attitudes according to Li Ping Wong.2. Parents should also spend more time with teenagers a. Give more attention.B. Another ways is organizing campaign and talks.1. Government should hold campaigns and talks about road safety at school and public area. a. Contain with information that tells about the effects of illegal racing. 2. Organizers of the campaigns bring along former street racer. a. Talks about the disadvantages and the effect of illegal racing. b. Make teenagers realize the dangers of illegal racing.C. One other ways is creating legal racing area1. Collaboration with other organization, a legal racing venue (Kenny J.Peak, 2004) a. Divert a safer racing environment b. Experience the positive expect of legal racing. 2. Participant rules should be in place a. Posses a valid driver licence and vehicle insurance b. Submit to safety inspectionsIII CONCLUSIONIllegal racing is associated with a variety of participants, parents and family characteristics. Government also should take action by preventing this problem become worst. Parents need to play their role, organizing campaigns and talks, and creating legal racing area for seems to be the ways to prevent teenagers from being involved in illegal racing.

Aptitude In Second Language Acquisition English Language Essay

Aptitude In Second Language Acquisition English Language Essay In second language learning, motivation, attitude and aptitude relate closely to each other. It influences the learner and therefore dominates the particular individual motivation towards learning the target language. In casual observations in our daily life reveal to us that some people learn a foreign language easier, faster or better than others do (Grigorenko, Sternberg ‘integrative’ and ‘instrumental’ attitude to language learning. An integrative attitude is a desire to know and become friendly with speakers of a language, whereas an instrumental one is a desire to better oneself materially by means of the language. He adds, â€Å"an integrative attitude is more likely to lead to success than an instrumental one†. Brown (1994: 168), in his great work ‘Principles of Language Learning and Teaching’ adds: â€Å"Attitudes, like all aspects of the development of cognition and affect in human beings, develop early in childhood and are t he result of parent’s and peer’s attitudes, contact with people who are different in any number of ways, and interacting affective factors in the human experience†. Here it seems clear that there are many stimulants lead to positive or negative attitude of an individual. Nevertheless attitude can be simply defined as a set of beliefs developed in a due course of time in a given socio-cultural setting. Although it does not necessarily determine behavior but can have some impact on it. Chamber (1999) asserts that learning occurs more easily, when the learner has a positive attitude towards the language and learning. Gardner and Lambert (1972) in their extensive studies give evidence that positive attitudes toward language enhance proficiency as well. Language attitude studies explore how people react to language interactions and how they evaluate others based on the language behavior they observe. Language learning is affected by the attitude and motivation. Motiva ted, de-motivated and a motivated students have different perceptions. Their perceptions are responsible to for their attitudes.

Comparative study of Cinematography in Bollywood and Hollywood Thesis

Comparative study of Cinematography in Bollywood and Hollywood - Thesis Example 1937, Ardeshir Irani did a first again by making the first color film in Bollywood titled Kisan Kanya. Nonetheless, color films in India became popular in the late 1950’s. After independence, the age between 1940’s and 1960’s is referred to as the golden age of Bollywood (Anantharaman, 2008, p.7). This is the period when films like Shree 420 and Awaara were made. Actors and actresses who starred during this period include Shashi Kapoor, Dharmendra and Mumtaz among others. Bollywood became popular in the world after the year 2000. This changed the Hindu film industry in terms of cinematography, picture quality and special effects as the result of the high incomes, hence, production companies are now able to buy and use new technologies for the production of films. Production companies such as Shree Ashtavinayak Cine Vision Ltd, UTV motion Pictures and Dharma Productions are some of the giant media companies in Bollywood. Allari Naresh, Bharath Gopi, Kishore Kumar, Anu Agarwal and Isha Koppikar are some of the most common actors in Bollywood. A common feature in almost all Bollywood films is that there is a lot of scenes which involve a lo t of music and choreography. Hollywood was initially a district in the city of Los Angeles but come to be referred to as the center of the film industry in the United States of America. Hollywood started to become famous in 1913 when many film makers heard of the success of Griffith who was the first person to make a film in Hollywood; they migrated to Hollywood to cash in on the good opportunity. They also fled to Hollywood to escape the high fees put by Thomas Edison who was the owner of most movie production patents at the time. At the beginning, actors in Hollywood were mostly Jewish immigrants who came to make money in the new business. At this time, cinematography was dominated by people like Mayer Laemmle and the Warner brothers. It is crucial to note that the first woman to produce a film at this

Other Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Other - Essay Example They can also help people diet in a proper manner and assist in loss of weight, while keeping fit. Thesis: American ‘super foods’ as well as a large number of fruits and vegetables that are produced in America are really good for health and can actually help people in their fitness regimes and to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Day by day, more and more Americans are becoming conscious about their health and dietary habits. They are taking to nutrition because of the rampant obesity world over, especially in America, because of the junk food culture. Even though a large number of people still have poor eating habits and have taken to consuming junk food or fast food on a daily basis, there are people spreading awareness regarding the importance of proper living. Magazines, newspapers, tv shows, the radio, as well as many contemporary films and books being made and written in the US have been promoting healthy eating and a healthy lifestyle, with the help of American foods itself. Moreover, eating junk food is not all that bad if consumed in a controlled manner. Many American parents have begun to lay emphasis on ensuring that their children receive a healthy diet. Schools in the country have also begun to advocate healthy foods and salads as part of their mess or cafeterias and have begun to rule out the u se of soft drinks and fast foods in order to help students understand that a high nutritional value is much more important than consuming something that might seem tasty but consists of a high number of calroies. With respect to fruits and vegetables, there are foods like blueberries, pumpkin seeds, avocados, sweet potatoes etc that are produced in America in high quantities. (Mitzweich, John) These foods are very rich in nutritions and assist people in overral development of their bodies. Moreover, salmon is produced in the country and sold to very many households as well;

Self-Portrait Collage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self-Portrait Collage - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that  the alternate images to complete the author's portrait served as metaphors or are symbols of how diversified or erratic he can get.   He has a lot of interest that occupy his thought and hopefully, the author was able to express that in the collage. In rendering the collage, he may be aware of color theory of how contrasting colors can highlight the other and how to achieve balance within the frame but he made some compromise to make the portrait more personal by allowing more spontaneity and self-expression in creating it.  Ã‚  This discussion declares that one of the famous collage artist who creates collage by various materials or images that can be found to enhance or create another image is Jacque Parsley of Mexico. His work such as the Smiling Kittie may seem incoherent as a portrait of a kitten but is nevertheless interesting to look at. The artist integrated seemingly incoherent images and even a number in the picture without regard to their placement but still, the image evoked interest from its audience. One can readily feel without understanding that Jacque Parsley enjoyed creating this image. The number 3 and the angel including the stamps and feather looked totally unrelated to the kitten but still they are a joy to look at. Personally, the author lend inspiration from Jacque Parsley of just enjoying in creating his self-portrait collage and he hope that the audience also enjoyed looking at it as much as he enjoyed doing it.

Information System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Information System - Essay Example The people who create a software system are in immense pressure to come up with the software at a lowest possible cost (Dahanayake). The pace of the advancement in software engineering has increased so rapidly that the best practices that were known by the individual in creating a software system has deviated and has changed too fast. This is because in Information technology industry every time something new turns up and it is becoming difficult for the professionals in coping up with it. Most of the software systems are developed through an integrated channel of customer feedback and this makes the task more difficult for them to create exactly the same software system that is demanded by most of the customer (Downes). While creating software system there has also been some legal consequences in the issuance and the protection of the licenses. Bigger firms often negotiate for the software license due to the poorly defined law of license, which adds up more difficulties for the firms. The companies are struggling to survive in the market and they are relying on their professionals to get them a competitive advantage in the market which puts more stress on these experts which forces them to make decisions that are unlikely to favor the company while fulfilling customer’s demands (Downes). More often while creating a software system; the biggest problem is the lack of understanding the software system regarding both the managers and the information technology expert who are leading the development effort. To create software system one should analyze the software components because otherwise some software’s are known as ‘spaghetti code’, which are unstructured and complex. This gives rise to the quality and time tradeoff and affects the growth of the company. Some software’s are made for a particular environment

MOD 5 FIN 301 CA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MOD 5 FIN 301 CA - Essay Example This paper aims to analyze the advantages and disadvantages for AMSC to forgo their debt financing and take on equity financing. AMSC can use its cash from equity financing to invest in the project or business without carrying the burden of debt on its back. In a period of financial turmoil, where businesses are faced with a credit crisis, equity financing helps in providing the necessary cash and reduces the risk of bankruptcy. By forgoing debt financing, AMSC is gaining a major advantage by using the cash to grow its business rather than paying a bank loan. Equity financing also brings new resources with itself such as valuable human capital which can provide necessary skills, contacts and experience to run the business. In addition to that, as the business grows over the period of time the investors are often willing to provide additional funding in case if it is needed so AMSC can have access to future sources of funding with the current owners. The owners of the equity can control the business without any interference from the creditors since the company will have no debt obligations. The biggest advanta ge lies in the fact that the business will be free from any interest costs thus it can boost its profits. Furthermore, during a recessionary period where there is a lack of credit in the economy, AMSC can have a chance to obtain funding through debt financing since it will have a lower Debt-to-Equity ratio. Financial institutions often extend credits to those corporations who have a lower Debt-to-Equity ratio in their balance sheets thus AMSC’s ability to borrow will be improved. Too much debt financing can tarnish the reputation of AMSC if they have already huge liabilities on their books. Finally, Corporations also collateralize their important assets due to debt financing and creditors impose certain stringent rules and regulations on the use of those collateralized assets which limits the ability of the organizations to use those assets